By Dr. Rabbi-Cohen Shalomim Y. HaLahawi Related Foundational Article:<\/strong> Exodus 24:12 And \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 said to Mosheh, \u201cCome up to Me on the mountain and be there, while I give you tablets of stone, and the <\/em>Torah<\/em><\/strong> and the <\/em>Command <\/em><\/strong>which I have written, to teach them.\u201d Exo 24:13 And Mosheh arose with his assistant Yehoshua, and Mosheh went up to the mountain of Elohim.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u05ea\u05bc\u05d5\u05b8\u05b9\u05e8\u05d4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n t\u00f4r\u0101h, \u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u05bc\u05e8\u05d4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n t\u014dr\u0101h:<\/em><\/strong> A feminine noun meaning instruction, direction, law, Torah, the whole Law. This noun comes from the verb y\u0101r\u0101h, which has, as one of its major meanings, to teach, to instruct. The noun means instruction in a general way from Elah; for example, Eliphaz uttered truth when he encouraged Job and his readers to be willing to receive instruction from Elah, the Almighty (Job_22:22). In Israel, a father and mother were sources of instruction for life (Proverbs_1:8; Proverbs_6:20); along with wise persons (Proverbs_13:14; Proverbs_28:4). In contrast, rebellious people were not willing to accept Elah\u2019s instructions in any manner (Isaiah_30:8-9); the scribes handled the instructions of Yahwah deceitfully and falsely (Jeremiah_8:8). Various words are found in synonyms parallel with this term: It is paralleled by the sayings of the Holy One (Isaiah_5:24); the word of Yahwah (Isaiah_1:10); and the testimony or witness (Isaiah_8:20). It is used regularly to depict priestly instructions in general or as a whole. Yahwah rejected the priests of Israel for they had disregarded (lit., forgotten) the Law (Jeremiah_2:8; Hos_4:6). They had been charged to carry out and teach all the instructions of Yahwah (Deutoronomy_17:11).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The term takes on the meaning of law in certain settings, although it is still currently debated about how to translate the various words that describe the laws, ordinances, commands, decrees, and requirements of Yahwah. This word t\u00f4r\u0101h is used as a summary term of various bodies of legal, cultic, or civil instructions. The word refers to the entire book of Deuteronomy and Moses\u2019 exposition of the Torah found in it <\/strong>(Deutoromy_1:5), also known as the Mishneh HaTorah<\/em><\/strong>. By implication, the word here also refers to the laws given in Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers. Numerous times this word refers to the whole Law of Moses, the Book of the Law of Moses, The Book of Moses(Jubilees), the Book of the Law of Elah, the Law of Yahwah, and the Law of Elah given at Sinai (in order of titles listed, 1Kings_2:3; Nehemiah_8:1; Joshua_24:26; Psalms_1:2; Nehemiah_10:28-29 [29-30]). The kings of Israel were held to the standard of the Law of Moses (1Kings_2:3; 2Kings_10:31; 2Kings_14:6; 2Kings_23:25). The word can also refer to a single law, for example, the law of the burnt offering (Leviticus_6:9 [2]; Leviticus_7:7; Nehemiah_12:44).<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is used of special laws for the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Exodus_13:9); the Passover (Exodus_12:49); of decisions by Moses (Exodus_18:16, Exodus_18:20); for the content of the Book of the Covenant (Exodus_24:12). The Law or Torah of Elah is pursued diligently by the psalmist; this word is found twenty-five times in Psalm 119 in parallel with various near synonyms. The word means the usual way, custom, or manner of Elah as David addressed his surprise to Yahwah about the way He had dealt with him (2Samuel_7:19).<\/em> mi\u1e63w\u0101h: <\/em><\/strong>A feminine noun meaning a commandment. It can apply to the edicts issued by a human being, most likely the king (1Kings_2:43; Esther_3:3; Proverbs_6:20; Isaiah_36:21; Jeremiah_35:18). It can also relate to a general corpus of human precepts (Isaiah_29:13); or a body of teachings (Proverbs_2:1; Proverbs_3:1). On the other hand, this expression can reference Elah\u2019s commands. In the Torah, this is its only usage. It does not refer to human commandments. In the singular, it may distinguish a certain commandment (1Kings_13:21); yet it appears most frequently in the plural to designate the entire corpus of divine law and instruction (Genesis_26:5; Exodus_16:28; Deutoronomy_6:2; 1Kings_2:3). It is also important to note that, in the plural, this word often appears in synonymous parallelism with such words as \u1e25uqq\u00eem ; mi\u0161p\u0101\u1e6d\u00eem ; \u201b\u0113\u1e0f\u014d\u1e6f ; t\u00f4r\u00f4\u1e6f .<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u05b9\u05d7\u05e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Levitical-Priesthood Legislative Branch<\/strong> \u05de\u05b0\u05e9\u05b8\u05c1\u05e4\u05bc\u05d8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Shophatim-Beth Din Judicial Branc<\/strong>h<\/p>\n\n\n\n mi\u0161p\u0101\u1e6d:<\/strong> A masculine noun meaning a judgment, a legal decision, a legal case, a claim, proper, rectitude. The word connotes several variations in meanings depending on the context. It is used to describe a legal decision or judgment rendered: it describes a legal decision given by Elah to be followed by the people (Isaiah_58:2; Zephaniah_2:3; Malaki_2:17). These decisions could come through the use of the Urim and Thummim (Numbers_27:21). The High Priest(Rabbi-Cohen) wore a pouch called the breastpiece of justice, containing the Urim and Thummim by which decisions were obtained from Yahwah (Exodus_28:30). Doing what was right and just in Yahwah\u2019s eyes was far more important than presenting sacrifices to Him (Genesis_18:19; Proverbs_21:3, Proverbs_21:15). Elah was declared to be the Judge of the whole earth who rendered justice faithfully (Genesis_18:25; Isaiah_30:18). In the plural form, the word describes legal judgments, cases, examples, laws, and specifications.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The word describes the legal case or cause presented by someone. The Servant spoken of by Isaiah asked who brought his case of justice against him (Isaiah_50:8); Job brought his case to vindicate himself (Job_13:18; Job_23:4). The legal claim or control in a situation is also described by the word. Samuel warned the people of the civil and legal demands a king would place on them (1Samuel_8:9); Moses gave legislation to protect the rightful claim of daughters (Exodus_21:9). The Hebrew word also described the legal right to property (Jeremiah_32:8). Not surprisingly, the place where judgments were rendered was also described by this word; disputes were to be taken to the place of judgment (Deuteronomy_25:1). Solomon built a hall of justice where he served as judge (1Kings_7:7).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The word also describes plans or instructions: it describes the building plans for the Tabernacle (Exodus. 35-40); and the specifications for the Temple (1Kings_6:38); the instructions the angelic messenger gave to Samson\u2019s parents about how he was to be brought up (Judges_13:12). In a more abstract sense, it depicts the manner of life a people followed, such as the Sidonians (Judges_18:7; 1Samuel_2:13).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n The word means simple justice in some contexts, often in parallel with synonymous words, such as \u1e25\u014dq or \u1e63e\u1e0feq, meaning ordinance or righteousness. It describes justice as one thing Jerusalem was to be filled with along with righteousness (Isaiah_1:21). Justice and righteousness characterize Yahwah;s throne (Psalm_89:14 [15]); and these were coupled with love and faithfulness (cf. Psalm_101:1; Psalm_111:7). Executing or doing justice was the central goal that Yahweh had for His people (Jeremiah_7:5; Ezekiel_18:8), for that equaled righteousness (Ezekiel_18:9).<\/em> \u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05bc\u05d1\u05e8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Prophetic<\/strong> Hilkiah Finds the Book of the Law<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 2Kings 22:8 And \u1e24ilqiyahu the high priest said to Shaphan the scribe, \u201cI have found the Book of the Torah <\/strong>in the House of \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4.\u201d And \u1e24ilqiyah gave the book to Shaphan, and he read it. there at \u1e24or\u0115\u1e07, where \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 made a covenant with the children of Yisra\u2019\u0115l, when they came out of the land of Mitsrayim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This is the actual Torah that Hilqiyahu found, that which would be of Debarim, as opposed to Genesis, Exodus & Numbers.. Keep in mind Debarim is actually a separate law, many times erroneously called the 2nd Law, when in fact it\u2019s the oldest law being pre-exilic, while the other books of the Torah are post-exilic writings. Debarim is the basis for the Deuteronomic books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings & prophets such as Jeremiah & Isaiah understanding of the Torah, as well as the Essene understanding(along with Jubilees\/Sefer HaMosheh), while books such as 1 & 2 Chronicles, Ezekiel are based on the post-exilic Torah books. \u201b\u0113\u1e0f<\/strong>: A masculine noun meaning witness, testimony. It refers to someone who will be accepted to bear a true testimony in various situations for various reasons. It also refers to the testimony given, written or oral,<\/strong> such as a covenant (Genesis_31:44; Deuteronomy_31:19, Deuteronomy_31:21); or a symbol established to confirm a covenant (Genesis_31:48). The evidence itself may be called a witness (Exodus_22:13 [12]). Elah Himself serves as a witness (Genesis_31:50, Genesis_31:52; Joshua_22:27-28, Joshua_22:34; Job_16:19).
Mizrahi-Ethiopian Jewish Int\u2019l Rabbinical Council
#MizrahiJewsforJudaism<\/a>
Copyright 2020.<\/strong> All Right Reserved. No permission to copy, publish, advertise, display, download, or alter without the express written consent of the author. Permission is only granted to press the \u201cshare button\u201d for authorized social media.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prophetic Law: An introductory summary of the various types of Law established in the Torah (A prequel to Understanding the Oral Torah of Adonai YHWH vs Post Exilic Oral Torah Study Guide) \u2013 Mizahi Ethiopian Jewish Int’l Rabbinical Council<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/em>\u05b4\u05de\u05b0\u05e6\u05b8\u05d5\u05d4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1e25\u014dqqim<\/em><\/strong>: A masculine noun meaning regulation, law, ordinance, decree, custom. Primarily, this word represents an expectation or mandate prescribed by decree or custom. It is used to speak of the general decrees of God (Jeremiah_5:22; Amos_2:4); the statutes of Elah given to Moses (Exodus_15:26; Numbers_30:16 [17]; Malaki_4:4 [3:22]); the lawful share deserved by virtue of status (Genesis_47:22; Leviticus_10:13-14); the declared boundaries or limits of something (Job_14:5; Job_26:10); the prevailing cultural norm (Judges_11:39); the binding legislation made by a ruler (Genesis_47:26); and that which must be observed by strict ritual (Exodus_12:24).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/em>Book of Deuteronomy <\/strong>HaDabarim<\/strong><\/em>(The Word, i.e. Oral): Also known as the <\/strong>Mishneh HaTorah & Ze-Sefer HaTorah,<\/strong><\/em> thus the original Mishnah<\/strong>
Debarim-Oral Torah-<\/strong>
Deut 1:1 These are the <\/em>words<\/em><\/strong> which Mosheh spoke to all Yisra\u2019\u0115l beyond the Yard\u0115n in the wilderness, in the desert plain opposite Suph, between Paran and Tophel, and La\u1e07an, and \u1e24ats\u0115roth, and Di Zaha\u1e07, Deu 1:2 eleven days\u2019 journey from \u1e24or\u0115\u1e07 by way of Mount S\u0115\u02bdir to Qa\u1e0f\u0115sh Barn\u0115a.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
d\u0101\u1e07\u0101r: <\/strong>A masculine noun meaning word, speech, matter, oral. <\/strong>This frequent word has a wide range of meanings associated with it. It signified spoken\/oral words or speech (Genesis_11:1; Isaiah_36:5; Jeremiah_51:64); a command or royal decree (Esther_1:12, Esther_1:19); a report or tidings (Exodus_33:4); advice (Judges_20:7); poetic writings of David (2Chronicles_29:30); business affairs (1Chronicles_26:32); a legal cause (Exodus_18:16); the custom or manner of activity (Esther_1:13); and something indefinite (thing, Genesis_22:16). Most important was the use of this word to convey divine communication. Often the word of Yahwah signified the revelation given to prophets (2Samuel_7:4; Jeremiah_25:3; Hoshea_1:1). Similarly, the Ten Commandments were literally called the Ten Words of Yahwah (Exodus_34:28; Deut_4:13).<\/strong>
Ze-Sefer HaTorah-<\/strong>
Deut 31:26 \u201cTake <\/em>this Book of the Torah<\/em><\/strong>, and you shall place it beside the ark of the covenant of \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 your Elohim, and it shall be there as a witness against you,<\/em>
Only two stone tablets\/Words were found in the Ark of the Covenant later, considering the Torah was lost during the entire time of King David & King Solomon. Thus there could be no way the Talmudic Oral Torah claims could have continued or been present or even in existence during that time.
.
1Kings 8:9 There was naught in the ark, only the <\/em>two tablets<\/em><\/strong> of stone which Mosheh put there at \u1e24or\u0115\u1e07, where \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 made a covenant with the children of Yisra\u2019\u0115l, when they came out of the land of Mitsrayim. \u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deut 31:24 And it came to be, when Mosheh had completed writing the <\/em>Words of this Torah in a book,<\/em><\/strong> until their completion, Deu 31:25 that Mosheh commanded the L\u0115wites, who bore the ark of the covenant of \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4, saying, Deu 31:26 \u201cTake <\/em>this Book of the Torah,<\/em><\/strong> and you shall place <\/em>it beside the ark<\/em><\/strong> of the covenant of \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4 your Elohim, and it shall be there as a <\/em>witness<\/em><\/strong> against you.<\/em>
Witness-<\/strong>
\u05e2\u05d3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
This would mean that this was the Oral Torah, that Moses had given, in the form of the book of Debarim(Deuteronomy), that was placed in the Ark. No one would have known of the Mishnah, Gemara, the basis of the Post-Biblical Talmud.
Also notice that it is written as The Words of \u201cThis Torah.(Zothe-Torah)\u201d. <\/em>That would signify or indicate that there are other writings of the Torah. This would make sense considering there was more than one socio-political culture of Judaism, such as Enochic Judaism, the oldest cultural evolution of the Hebrews, which eventually became Essene Judaism(Dead Sea Scrolls) that was established and lead by the Levitical Priests via the Moreh Tzadik(Anointed Chief Priest); Sapiential Judaism, which is the basis of cultural & wisdom teachings of Hebrew culture, & Zadokite Judaism, a Postexilic hybrid mix of Canaanite\/Phoenician, Babylonian & Hebrew culture which eventually produced both Sadducean Judaism & Pharisaical Judaism, of whom forged a connection to Aaron, by way of Zadok(A Canaanite High Priest), which was a non-Levitical, Canaanite priesthood, established by King David & King Solomon & designed to rival the Levitical Priesthood(established directly by Yahwah Elah) . Rabbinical Judaism evolved out of Zadokite Judaism, while Ethiopian & Mizrahi Judaism evolved out of Enochic(Essene) Judaism.
The book of Moses(Jubilees) actually confirms the understanding that there was more than one type of Torah.
Intro<\/strong><\/em> Book of Jubilees(Ethiopian Jewish Book of Moses)<\/strong> Chapter 1: This is the history of the division of the days of the <\/em>law and of the testimony,<\/em><\/strong> of the events of the years, of their <\/em>(<\/em><\/a>year) weeks, of their Jubilees throughout all the years of the world, as Yahwah spake to Moses on Mount Sinai when he went up to receive the <\/em>tables of the law and of the commandment<\/em><\/strong>, according to the voice of Elah as he said unto him, \u2018Go up to the top of the Mount.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n